Essential Oils Club

Goldenrod (Solidago canadensis)

Steam-distilledFlowering plantNorth AmericaSeed to Seal quality

An uncommon, warm herbaceous oil sometimes used in calming evening blends; those with ragweed allergies should patch-test carefully.

How to use it

Safety. Goldenrod is in the Asteraceae family — anyone with a ragweed or daisy allergy should patch-test carefully before use.
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In the diffuser

2–3 drops for a calm, grounding background note in evening routines.

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On skin

Dilute 2–3% in a carrier oil, though it's used topically far less than established oils.

Safety in detail

Max dermal use
Dilute in a carrier oil for skin
Phototoxic
No
  • A gentle oil; dilute before topical use as usual.
  • Despite the name, goldenrod is insect-pollinated and not a common airborne-allergy trigger the way ragweed is.
  • Not phototoxic. Keep out of reach of children.

Sources: Planta Medica study (1993)

Composition & chemistry

Aggregated from 12 GC-MS samples across 5 peer-reviewed open-access studies (2019–2026). Figures are the distribution across those samples — median with interquartile range — not a single reading.

12 samples 5 papers 48 compounds 2019–2026 Moderate evidence base
  • Sesquiterpene hydrocarbon 34.3%
  • Monoterpene hydrocarbon 32.5%
  • Oxygenated monoterpene 13.2%
  • Oxygenated sesquiterpene 13%
  • Unclassified 7%
ConstituentMedianTypical rangeMaxDetected in
α-pinene ↗ C10H16 11.9% 11.8–16.4% 20.8%
germacrene d ↗ C15H24 11.7% 10.5–23.3% 34.9%
bornyl acetate ↗ C12H20O2 6.3% 4.5–8.0% 9.7%
β-cubebene ↗ C15H24 3.9% 2.0–5.7% 7.6%
trans-verbenol ↗ C10H16O 3.8% 1.9–5.6% 7.5%
limonene ↗ C10H16 3.7% 3.4–8.1% 12.5%
caryophyllene oxide ↗ C15H24O 3.0% 2.9–3.0% 3.0%
β-pinene ↗ C10H16 2.6% 2.0–2.9% 3.1%
sabinene ↗ C10H16 2.3% 1.5–3.1% 3.9%
β-caryophyllene ↗ C15H24 2.2% 1.8–2.6% 3.0%
spathulenol ↗ C15H24O 1.5% 1.2–1.7% 2.0%
α-humulene ↗ C15H24 1.1% 0.7–1.7% 2.4%

+ 36 more compounds reported across the dataset.

5 peer-reviewed sources behind these figures
  1. Anžlovar S, Janeš D, Dolenc Koce J. (2020). The Effect of Extracts and Essential Oil from Invasive Solidago spp. and Fallopia japonica on Crop-Borne Fungi and Wheat Germination. Food technology and biotechnology. Europe PMC ↗ · DOI · CC BY · 4 samples
  2. Judžentienė A, Būdienė J, Labanauskas L, Stancelytė D, Nedveckytė I. (2023). Allelopathic Activity of Canadian Goldenrod (Solidago canadensis L.) Extracts on Seed Germination and Growth of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and Garden Pepper Cress (Lepidium sativum L.). Plants (Basel, Switzerland). Europe PMC ↗ · DOI · CC BY · 3 samples
  3. Abdel-Rahman AA, Diab SF, Shoman SS, Ahmed FS. (2026). Solidago canadensis extract fractionation, phytochemical identification, and nematicidal/nematistatic activity against Meloidogyne incognita. Scientific reports. Europe PMC ↗ · DOI · CC BY · 2 samples
  4. Radušienė J, Karpavičienė B, Marksa M, Ivanauskas L, Raudonė L. (2022). Distribution Patterns of Essential Oil Terpenes in Native and Invasive Solidago Species and Their Comparative Assessment. Plants (Basel, Switzerland). Europe PMC ↗ · DOI · CC BY · 2 samples
  5. Elshafie HS, Gruľová D, Baranová B, Caputo L, De Martino L, Sedlák V, Camele I, De Feo V. (2019). Antimicrobial Activity and Chemical Composition of Essential Oil Extracted from Solidago canadensis L. Growing Wild in Slovakia. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). Europe PMC ↗ · DOI · CC BY · 1 sample

Every figure above traces to a named table in one of these open-access papers. How this was built →

Goldenrod is often blamed unfairly for hay fever actually caused by ragweed.

What the research says

An honest read of the published research — what has actually been studied, at what stage. Not medical advice or a promise of results.

  • Goldenrod oil has been characterised chemically and studied for antioxidant and other activities. Its traditional circulatory and 'toning' uses are preliminary and not clinically established.

    Planta Medica study (1993)

Evidence & sources

Peer-reviewed research on Goldenrod's chemistry and safety. These describe composition and documented effects — not health or treatment claims.

  1. Goldenrod oil is a germacrene-D-dominant sesquiterpene oil with a soft, warm-herbaceous, slightly floral aroma.

    Planta Medica study (1993)

Frequently asked questions

Will goldenrod oil trigger my hay fever?

Goldenrod is insect-pollinated and produces little airborne pollen, so it's often unfairly blamed for hay fever caused by ragweed, which blooms at the same time. That said, patch-test and go slow if you have plant sensitivities. Planta Medica study (1993)

What does goldenrod oil smell like?

Soft, warm, and herbaceous with a faint floral-hay sweetness, from its germacrene-D-rich sesquiterpene profile. Planta Medica study (1993)

Is goldenrod phototoxic?

No — goldenrod isn't phototoxic, so there's no sun-exposure restriction. Dilute it for topical use as usual.

Found in these blends

Goldenrod is one of the oils inside 1 Young Living blend.

Ready to try Goldenrod? Shop on Young Living →