Constituent · Monoterpene hydrocarbon
p-cymenene
p-cymenene is a light, volatile monoterpene hydrocarbon — the kind of fresh, often citrusy or piney top-note compound that evaporates fastest from an oil. Across our dataset it was measured in 13 oils (47 samples), concentrating most in Sage, Dill, Rosemary.
Essential oils richest in p-cymenene
Measured relative composition (GC peak-area %) pooled across published GC-MS samples — median, typical range (middle 50%) and the maximum seen.
| Oil | Median | Typical range | Max | Samples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sage | 8.53% | 4.47%–12.6% | 16.66% | 2 |
| Dill | 1.13% | 0.74%–1.51% | 1.9% | 2 |
| Rosemary | 0.76% | 0.48%–1.05% | 1.33% | 2 |
| Nutmeg | 0.56% | 0.3%–0.58% | 0.6% | 3 |
| Tangerine | 0.41% | 0.41%–0.41% | 0.41% | 1 |
| Cardamom | 0.4% | 0.4%–0.4% | 0.4% | 1 |
| Juniper | 0.3% | 0.3%–0.3% | 0.3% | 1 |
| Myrtle | 0.3% | 0.3%–0.3% | 0.3% | 2 |
| Fennel | 0.28% | 0.24%–0.31% | 0.35% | 2 |
| Mountain savory | 0.1% | 0.1%–0.1% | 0.1% | 1 |
| Thyme | 0.1% | 0.09%–0.19% | 0.25% | 27 |
| Sacred frankincense | 0.06% | 0.06%–0.06% | 0.06% | 1 |
| Grapefruit | 0.05% | 0.04%–0.05% | 0.06% | 2 |
Oils in our library are linked above — open any profile for its full composition, safety panel and the research behind it.
Related constituents
Other monoterpene hydrocarbon compounds across the oils.
Figures are GC peak-area percentages pooled across published GC-MS samples, not concentrations, and describe chemistry — not health effects. How this is built →